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{{Infobox Rail companies |bgcolor=FFFFFF|logo_filename=Merseyrail_logo.gif|image_filename=Merseyrail train at Birkenhead Park.jpg|widthpx=300px|franchise=Merseyrail
20. July 2003 – 2028|nameforarea=Region|regions=Merseyside, West [Lancashire / [Nederlandse Spoorwegen|website=www.merseyrail.org|-->
Merseyrail is the name given to the
Railway electrification in Great Britain commuter
train network centred on
Liverpool in the county of
Merseyside. The name was used as the official brand for the network in the days of British Rail, and has stuck through several
exclusive right holders.
Merseyrail is one of the most frequent British commuter systems outside London, transporting 100,000 passengers a day, with services running (on average) every 15 minutes during weekday daytime, and 30 minutes at evenings and weekends. Services run on two lines covering the Liverpool suburban area and greater Merseyside, with a total track length of 120 km, 75 miles and 67 stations. The
Northern Line (Merseyrail) links Liverpool with Southport, Ormskirk,
Kirkby and Hunts Cross, while the
Wirral Line, extending under the
River Mersey, links Liverpool with
New Brighton, Merseyside, West Kirby, Chester and Ellesmere Port. The two lines are entirely Railway electrification in Great Britain, using a 750 V DC
third-rail.
The name Merseyrail is also used by the Merseyside Passenger Transport Executive to describe other railway services on Merseyside. These are the
City Line (Merseyrail) from
Liverpool Lime Street railway station to St Helens, Merseyside, Wigan,
Warrington, Manchester, and Crewe. These services are not (and have never been) part of the Merseyrail franchise; currently most services are operated by
Northern Rail, and some by
Central Trains and
TransPennine Express.
The various lines are not tightly connected; Northern and City Line services both use
Hunts Cross and the new Liverpool South Parkway to the south of the city; the Northern and Wirral lines both use Liverpool Central railway station and Moorfields railway station. The Northern Line does not call at Lime Street; most passengers wishing to change between Northern Line and mainline services walk the short distance between Lime Street and
Liverpool Central railway station rather than changing to the Wirral Line's 'loop' to Lime Street.
Following the privatisation of the UK rail network, the Merseyrail service was run first by
MTL (company) under the name Merseyrail Electrics, then
Arriva Trains Merseyside, before its award to a consortium of Serco and NedRailways (a division of Nederlandse Spoorwegen) in
2003. The current franchise is contracted to the consortium for an initial 25-year period.
Uniquely in the UK, the Merseyrail franchise (referred to officially as a 'contract') is awarded by the
Merseyside Passenger Transport Executive rather than the Department for Transport (although the franchise for the London Overground network will be awarded by
Transport for London in 2007), because the franchise is self-contained and separate from the rest of the British railway network - no other services normally run over the third-rail network. As a result of this isolation, the franchise-holder is keen to adopt vertical integration - taking responsibility for maintenance of the track from Network Rail.The current Franchise Manager is Dave Davenport.
Fleet
{| class="wikitable"|----- bgcolor=#f9f9f9! rowspan="2" |Class! rowspan="2" |Image! rowspan="2" |Type! colspan="2" |Top speed! rowspan="2" |Number! rowspan="2" |Unit numbers! rowspan="2" |Routes operated! rowspan="2" |Built|----- bgcolor=#f9f9f9! mph ! km/h |-|British Rail Class 507||
electric multiple unit
[Wirral Line||[electric multiple unit
[Wirral Line and 1979-built [British Rail Class 508 Electric multiple unit. These replaced pre-war
British Rail Class 502 (originally constructed by the
London, Midland and Scottish Railway) and almost identical British Rail Class 503 EMUs. There are a total of 59 trains in service on the network. Twelve 508s were transferred to
Connex (South Eastern) in
1996, a further three were transferred to Silverlink to supplement their fleet of British Rail Class 313 EMUs in North
London. One Unit 507022 was scrapped after a collision with 507004 in
1991 and 508118 has been cut up after having been gutted by an attack.
The fleet is maintained and stabled at either Kirkdale TMD or Birkenhead North TMD, the two depots on the network. Minor repair works and stock cleaning takes place at Kirkdale, while overhauls are completed at Birkenhead. Other depots at
Hall Road TMD and Birkenhead Central TMD have since been closed. The fleet has recently been internally and externally refurbished, involving units being dragged to and from Eastleigh works behind
British Rail Class 67 locomotives. An assessment is currently taking place as to whether it would be viable to reopen the Birkenhead Central depot, which would increase the efficiency of Merseyrail services. The Merseyrail fleet is due for renewal in 2013.
To celebrate Liverpool's successful 2008
European Capital of Culture bid, Merseyrail named one of their train sets (508136) 'Capital of Culture'. Interestingly, a previous ceremony took place where
Cherie Blair, Prime Minister
Tony Blair's wife, named 508143 European Capital of Culture. Official nameplates were applied; these had to be later removed having been covered in graffiti. 508136 bears simple vinyl stickers.
A number of
Northern Rail British Rail Class 142 Diesel Multiple Unit are in Merseyrail yellow livery, ostensibly for City Line services, but these can and do turn up all over the Northern network - they have often been seen as far away as
Carlisle. Several British Rail Class 150 sets also wore the Merseytravel yellow livery for several years, but have since been repainted into other liveries.
Merseyrail formerly had four
British Rail Class 73 electro-diesel locomotives for shunting, sandite trains, engineering works and other departmental duties; two of these had been repainted in the yellow livery of the previous franchise holder. These locomotives were sold to a preservation company in
2002.
Network: the Loop and Link
The underground sections in the centre of Liverpool and under the River Mersey to Birkenhead form the nucleus of the network. The
Mersey Railway was opened in
1886, running from
Green Lane Birkenhead and terminating at
James Street railway station in Liverpool. This route was extended to Liverpool Central railway station in
1890. A branch to Birkenhead Park was added in
1888 to connect with the Wirral Railway and the original line extended to Rock Ferry to connect with the
Birkenhead Woodside to
Chester line in 1891. It was electrified in
1903. The ex Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway line from Liverpool Exchange railway station to
Southport was electrified in
1906. Further electrifications on the Wirral line took place in 1937 (
New Brighton and
West Kirby), 1985 (
Hooton), 1993 (
Chester) and 1994 (
Ellesmere Port). Electrification of the
Borderlands_Line has also been proposed.
The present system in Liverpool dates from the 1970s, with the construction of the 'Loop' and the 'Link'. The Loop is a single-track tunnel, along which Wirral Line trains run clockwise from
James Street to
Moorfields railway station,
Liverpool Lime Street railway station, Liverpool Central railway station and back to James Street. The Link is a twin-track tunnel, which connects the former Cheshire Lines Committee route in the south of Liverpool to the former
Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway lines in the north, via Liverpool Central and Moorfields (which replaced
Liverpool Exchange station). The present twin island Northern Line platform at Liverpool Central was originally the terminus of the Wirral lines. One of the original single underground lines between James St and Central has been retained to connect the Link and the Loop lines. This is used for transfers of rolling stock, but never used for passenger services.
Northern Line
Main article: Northern Line (Merseyrail)
Services on the Northern Line operate from
Hunts Cross railway station in the south of Liverpool, via the Link tunnel through Liverpool Central and Moorfields, to Southport railway station. Services also run from Liverpool Central to
Ormskirk railway station and
Kirkby railway station. Each route has a train every 15 minutes Monday-Saturday daytime, and recently Merseyrail have introduced services every 15 minutes during the evening, right until the last train at 2316; giving a five-minute interval between trains on the central section. Connections are available at Southport to
Wigan Wallgate railway station, at Hunts Cross to Warrington Central railway station and Manchester Piccadilly railway station, at
Ormskirk to
Preston railway station and at
Kirkby to
Wigan Wallgate railway station and
Manchester Victoria railway station.
Wirral Line
Services on the Wirral Line operate from the Loop described above through the
Mersey Railway Tunnel to Hamilton Square railway station station in Birkenhead. From there, they run either south to
Hooton railway station, where they continue to either
Chester railway station or Ellesmere Port railway station, or west to
Birkenhead North railway station, where the line bifurcates to
New Brighton railway station and
West Kirby railway station. Connections are available at Bidston railway station on the West Kirby branch, for the Borderlands Line to Wrexham operated by Arriva Trains Wales, at
Chester to Holyhead railway station and Manchester Piccadilly railway station and at
Ellesmere Port to
Warrington Bank Quay railway station.
Monday-Saturday daytime services are every 15 minutes from Liverpool to New Brighton and to West Kirby, and every 30 minutes to Chester and Ellesmere Port. These combine to give a service every five minutes around the Loop. Due to a major upgrade of the Liverpool loop, it will be closed between 23rd April and 28th of May, with all Wirral line services terminating at James Street (or Birkenhead North for the Northern Branch of the Wirral Line and Birkenhead Central for the Southern Branch of the Wirral line on some days).
City Line
Main article: City Line (Merseyrail)
This line is not part of the Merseyrail franchise and neither is it operated by the electric stock. Nevertheless, the lines that form this line are sponsored by Merseytravel and are branded as if they were Merseyrail services, despite being operated by Northern Rail. Broadly speaking, it includes the
Liverpool to Wigan Line and the two alternative branches making up the Liverpool to Manchester Line.
Future
There have been various suggestions for ways to enlarge the Merseyrail network. Some would extend beyond the current area, whilst others would use former existing lines or
track beds.
Electrification
Third-rail electrification has been suggested for many lines, of which the Borderlands Line from
Bidston railway station to Wrexham, adding another branch to the Wirral Line, is perhaps the most likely.
Electrification from Ormskirk to
Preston would re-establish the most direct Liverpool-Preston route. This, coupled with the reinstatement of the Burscough Junction railway station and possibly Midge Hall station, would allow direct Preston-Southport and Ormskirk-
Southport services and provide an alternative Liverpool-Southport route. Another possible extension of Northern Line services, filling in a gap in the electrified network, would be from Kirkby to Wigan Wallgate.
The re-opening of part of the
North Mersey Branch line between Aintree railway station and
Bootle New Strand railway station stations to passenger services is included in Sefton's transport plan. This would involve using
Sefton Junction and would enable the reopening of Ford (Sefton) railway station and Linacre Road railway station stations.
The Canada Dock Branch (currently a busy freight-only line) could be reopened to passengers, allowing the reopening of
Spellow railway station,
Walton & Anfield railway station, Breck Road railway station,
Tue Brook railway station, Stanley railway station and
Edge Lane railway station stations. This would provide a connection from the Northern Line (south of Bootle) to Liverpool Lime Street and the City Line. In July
2007 it was suggested that Liverpool FC could fund the reopening of this line to provide a direct rail link to their new stadium.
Reopening
During the construction of the Link line in the 1970s, provision was made for an underground junction south of Liverpool Central station. This was to access a new tunnel, via a new underground station at the
University of Liverpool on Bedford Street South; a small road to the south of Abercromby Square. From University station, it would then join the
Victoria Tunnel (Liverpool) and
Waterloo Tunnel to provide a connection to Edge Hill railway station, the use of
Wapping Tunnel had also been considered. Further electrification works would then have meant some City Line services (e.g. from
St Helens Central railway station) could have been connected to the Merseyrail network.In
1975 An Act of Parliament was passed to allow the construction of this scheme, but it was never built. Restarting it would very likely be prohibitively expensive. However following the collapse of the Merseytram scheme in
2006 proposals are being considered to reuse both tunnels. The
1975 plan also included the use of the southern section of the
North Liverpool Extension Line at least as far as Gateacre railway station.
The reconnection of
Skelmersdale has also been proposed "requiring two mile rail restoration to re-establish link to town of 35,000". This is presumably the Skelmersdale Branch line to
Rainford Junction on the Kirkby to Wigan Wallgate line.
External links
- Merseyrail.org - Official site
- Merseyside Local Transport Plan
- Potential Rail Improvements in North Western England - Evidence presented to the Transport Select Committee, 2002-03
- Select Committee on Environment, Transport and Regional Affairs: Memorandum by Merseytravel
- REVIEW OF THE 2000 NETWORK MANAGEMENT STATEMENT
- Revival of curves link is back on the table - Report on the proposed reopening of the Burscough curves
- Leader on right tracks - Another report on the Burscough curves
- The Wrexham to Bidston railway, The Borderlands line
{{s-ttl|rows=1|title=Operator of Merseyrail franchise|years=2003 - present-->
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